<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><placename>  <system>China Historical GIS, Harvard University and Fudan University</system>  <license>CC BY-NC 4.0</license>  <uri>http://47.114.119.106/tgaz/placename/hvd_32814</uri> <spellings>    <spelling>      <written-form script="traditional Chinese">長沙郡</written-form>      <exonym-lang></exonym-lang>      <attested-by></attested-by>      <note></note>    </spelling>    <spelling>      <written-form script="simplified Chinese">长沙郡</written-form>      <exonym-lang></exonym-lang>      <attested-by></attested-by>      <note></note>    </spelling>    <spelling>      <transcription system="Pinyin">Changsha Jun</transcription>      <exonym-lang></exonym-lang>      <attested-by></attested-by>      <note></note>    </spelling>  </spellings>  <feature-type>    <name>郡</name>    <alternate-name>郡</alternate-name>    <transcription>jun</transcription>    <translation lang="en">commandery</translation>  </feature-type>  <temporal>    <begin>-48</begin>    <begin-rule>4</begin-rule>    <end>-47</end>    <end-rule>4</end-rule>  </temporal>  <spatial>    <object-type>POINT</object-type>    <xy-type>point</xy-type>    <latitude-direction>N</latitude-direction>    <degrees-latitude>28.19820</degrees-latitude>    <longitude-direction>E</longitude-direction>    <degrees-longitude>112.97813</degrees-longitude>    <geo-source>FROM_AC</geo-source>    <present-location><br />
<font size='1'><table class='xdebug-error xe-notice' dir='ltr' border='1' cellspacing='0' cellpadding='1'>
<tr><th align='left' bgcolor='#f57900' colspan="5"><span style='background-color: #cc0000; color: #fce94f; font-size: x-large;'>( ! )</span> Notice: Undefined index: text_value in C:\wamp64\www\tgaz\api\placename.php on line <i>547</i></th></tr>
<tr><th align='left' bgcolor='#e9b96e' colspan='5'>Call Stack</th></tr>
<tr><th align='center' bgcolor='#eeeeec'>#</th><th align='left' bgcolor='#eeeeec'>Time</th><th align='left' bgcolor='#eeeeec'>Memory</th><th align='left' bgcolor='#eeeeec'>Function</th><th align='left' bgcolor='#eeeeec'>Location</th></tr>
<tr><td bgcolor='#eeeeec' align='center'>1</td><td bgcolor='#eeeeec' align='center'>0.0000</td><td bgcolor='#eeeeec' align='right'>404760</td><td bgcolor='#eeeeec'>{main}(  )</td><td title='C:\wamp64\www\tgaz\api\tgaz.php' bgcolor='#eeeeec'>...\tgaz.php<b>:</b>0</td></tr>
<tr><td bgcolor='#eeeeec' align='center'>2</td><td bgcolor='#eeeeec' align='center'>0.0009</td><td bgcolor='#eeeeec' align='right'>454344</td><td bgcolor='#eeeeec'>get_placename(  )</td><td title='C:\wamp64\www\tgaz\api\tgaz.php' bgcolor='#eeeeec'>...\tgaz.php<b>:</b>72</td></tr>
<tr><td bgcolor='#eeeeec' align='center'>3</td><td bgcolor='#eeeeec' align='center'>0.0041</td><td bgcolor='#eeeeec' align='right'>494872</td><td bgcolor='#eeeeec'>to_xml(  )</td><td title='C:\wamp64\www\tgaz\api\placename.php' bgcolor='#eeeeec'>...\placename.php<b>:</b>136</td></tr>
</table></font>
     </present-location>  </spatial>  <historical-context>    <part-of-relationships>      <part-of parent-id="hvd_113652" from="-48" to="-47" >        <parent-name>西汉</parent-name>        <transcribed-name>Xihan</transcribed-name>      </part-of>    </part-of-relationships>    <subordinate-units><br />
<font size='1'><table class='xdebug-error xe-notice' dir='ltr' border='1' cellspacing='0' cellpadding='1'>
<tr><th align='left' bgcolor='#f57900' colspan="5"><span style='background-color: #cc0000; color: #fce94f; font-size: x-large;'>( ! )</span> Notice: Undefined index: child_sys_id in C:\wamp64\www\tgaz\api\placename.php on line <i>566</i></th></tr>
<tr><th align='left' bgcolor='#e9b96e' colspan='5'>Call Stack</th></tr>
<tr><th align='center' bgcolor='#eeeeec'>#</th><th align='left' bgcolor='#eeeeec'>Time</th><th align='left' bgcolor='#eeeeec'>Memory</th><th align='left' bgcolor='#eeeeec'>Function</th><th align='left' bgcolor='#eeeeec'>Location</th></tr>
<tr><td bgcolor='#eeeeec' align='center'>1</td><td bgcolor='#eeeeec' align='center'>0.0000</td><td bgcolor='#eeeeec' align='right'>404760</td><td bgcolor='#eeeeec'>{main}(  )</td><td title='C:\wamp64\www\tgaz\api\tgaz.php' bgcolor='#eeeeec'>...\tgaz.php<b>:</b>0</td></tr>
<tr><td bgcolor='#eeeeec' align='center'>2</td><td bgcolor='#eeeeec' align='center'>0.0009</td><td bgcolor='#eeeeec' align='right'>454344</td><td bgcolor='#eeeeec'>get_placename(  )</td><td title='C:\wamp64\www\tgaz\api\tgaz.php' bgcolor='#eeeeec'>...\tgaz.php<b>:</b>72</td></tr>
<tr><td bgcolor='#eeeeec' align='center'>3</td><td bgcolor='#eeeeec' align='center'>0.0041</td><td bgcolor='#eeeeec' align='right'>494872</td><td bgcolor='#eeeeec'>to_xml(  )</td><td title='C:\wamp64\www\tgaz\api\placename.php' bgcolor='#eeeeec'>...\placename.php<b>:</b>136</td></tr>
</table></font>
<br />
<font size='1'><table class='xdebug-error xe-notice' dir='ltr' border='1' cellspacing='0' cellpadding='1'>
<tr><th align='left' bgcolor='#f57900' colspan="5"><span style='background-color: #cc0000; color: #fce94f; font-size: x-large;'>( ! )</span> Notice: Undefined index: begin_year in C:\wamp64\www\tgaz\api\placename.php on line <i>566</i></th></tr>
<tr><th align='left' bgcolor='#e9b96e' colspan='5'>Call Stack</th></tr>
<tr><th align='center' bgcolor='#eeeeec'>#</th><th align='left' bgcolor='#eeeeec'>Time</th><th align='left' bgcolor='#eeeeec'>Memory</th><th align='left' bgcolor='#eeeeec'>Function</th><th align='left' bgcolor='#eeeeec'>Location</th></tr>
<tr><td bgcolor='#eeeeec' align='center'>1</td><td bgcolor='#eeeeec' align='center'>0.0000</td><td bgcolor='#eeeeec' align='right'>404760</td><td bgcolor='#eeeeec'>{main}(  )</td><td title='C:\wamp64\www\tgaz\api\tgaz.php' bgcolor='#eeeeec'>...\tgaz.php<b>:</b>0</td></tr>
<tr><td bgcolor='#eeeeec' align='center'>2</td><td bgcolor='#eeeeec' align='center'>0.0009</td><td bgcolor='#eeeeec' align='right'>454344</td><td bgcolor='#eeeeec'>get_placename(  )</td><td title='C:\wamp64\www\tgaz\api\tgaz.php' bgcolor='#eeeeec'>...\tgaz.php<b>:</b>72</td></tr>
<tr><td bgcolor='#eeeeec' align='center'>3</td><td bgcolor='#eeeeec' align='center'>0.0041</td><td bgcolor='#eeeeec' align='right'>494872</td><td bgcolor='#eeeeec'>to_xml(  )</td><td title='C:\wamp64\www\tgaz\api\placename.php' bgcolor='#eeeeec'>...\placename.php<b>:</b>136</td></tr>
</table></font>
<br />
<font size='1'><table class='xdebug-error xe-notice' dir='ltr' border='1' cellspacing='0' cellpadding='1'>
<tr><th align='left' bgcolor='#f57900' colspan="5"><span style='background-color: #cc0000; color: #fce94f; font-size: x-large;'>( ! )</span> Notice: Undefined index: end_year in C:\wamp64\www\tgaz\api\placename.php on line <i>566</i></th></tr>
<tr><th align='left' bgcolor='#e9b96e' colspan='5'>Call Stack</th></tr>
<tr><th align='center' bgcolor='#eeeeec'>#</th><th align='left' bgcolor='#eeeeec'>Time</th><th align='left' bgcolor='#eeeeec'>Memory</th><th align='left' bgcolor='#eeeeec'>Function</th><th align='left' bgcolor='#eeeeec'>Location</th></tr>
<tr><td bgcolor='#eeeeec' align='center'>1</td><td bgcolor='#eeeeec' align='center'>0.0000</td><td bgcolor='#eeeeec' align='right'>404760</td><td bgcolor='#eeeeec'>{main}(  )</td><td title='C:\wamp64\www\tgaz\api\tgaz.php' bgcolor='#eeeeec'>...\tgaz.php<b>:</b>0</td></tr>
<tr><td bgcolor='#eeeeec' align='center'>2</td><td bgcolor='#eeeeec' align='center'>0.0009</td><td bgcolor='#eeeeec' align='right'>454344</td><td bgcolor='#eeeeec'>get_placename(  )</td><td title='C:\wamp64\www\tgaz\api\tgaz.php' bgcolor='#eeeeec'>...\tgaz.php<b>:</b>72</td></tr>
<tr><td bgcolor='#eeeeec' align='center'>3</td><td bgcolor='#eeeeec' align='center'>0.0041</td><td bgcolor='#eeeeec' align='right'>494872</td><td bgcolor='#eeeeec'>to_xml(  )</td><td title='C:\wamp64\www\tgaz\api\placename.php' bgcolor='#eeeeec'>...\placename.php<b>:</b>136</td></tr>
</table></font>
      <subordinate-unit sys-id="" from="" to="" ><br />
<font size='1'><table class='xdebug-error xe-notice' dir='ltr' border='1' cellspacing='0' cellpadding='1'>
<tr><th align='left' bgcolor='#f57900' colspan="5"><span style='background-color: #cc0000; color: #fce94f; font-size: x-large;'>( ! )</span> Notice: Undefined index: child_vn in C:\wamp64\www\tgaz\api\placename.php on line <i>567</i></th></tr>
<tr><th align='left' bgcolor='#e9b96e' colspan='5'>Call Stack</th></tr>
<tr><th align='center' bgcolor='#eeeeec'>#</th><th align='left' bgcolor='#eeeeec'>Time</th><th align='left' bgcolor='#eeeeec'>Memory</th><th align='left' bgcolor='#eeeeec'>Function</th><th align='left' bgcolor='#eeeeec'>Location</th></tr>
<tr><td bgcolor='#eeeeec' align='center'>1</td><td bgcolor='#eeeeec' align='center'>0.0000</td><td bgcolor='#eeeeec' align='right'>404760</td><td bgcolor='#eeeeec'>{main}(  )</td><td title='C:\wamp64\www\tgaz\api\tgaz.php' bgcolor='#eeeeec'>...\tgaz.php<b>:</b>0</td></tr>
<tr><td bgcolor='#eeeeec' align='center'>2</td><td bgcolor='#eeeeec' align='center'>0.0009</td><td bgcolor='#eeeeec' align='right'>454344</td><td bgcolor='#eeeeec'>get_placename(  )</td><td title='C:\wamp64\www\tgaz\api\tgaz.php' bgcolor='#eeeeec'>...\tgaz.php<b>:</b>72</td></tr>
<tr><td bgcolor='#eeeeec' align='center'>3</td><td bgcolor='#eeeeec' align='center'>0.0041</td><td bgcolor='#eeeeec' align='right'>494872</td><td bgcolor='#eeeeec'>to_xml(  )</td><td title='C:\wamp64\www\tgaz\api\placename.php' bgcolor='#eeeeec'>...\placename.php<b>:</b>136</td></tr>
</table></font>
        <name></name><br />
<font size='1'><table class='xdebug-error xe-notice' dir='ltr' border='1' cellspacing='0' cellpadding='1'>
<tr><th align='left' bgcolor='#f57900' colspan="5"><span style='background-color: #cc0000; color: #fce94f; font-size: x-large;'>( ! )</span> Notice: Undefined index: child_tr in C:\wamp64\www\tgaz\api\placename.php on line <i>568</i></th></tr>
<tr><th align='left' bgcolor='#e9b96e' colspan='5'>Call Stack</th></tr>
<tr><th align='center' bgcolor='#eeeeec'>#</th><th align='left' bgcolor='#eeeeec'>Time</th><th align='left' bgcolor='#eeeeec'>Memory</th><th align='left' bgcolor='#eeeeec'>Function</th><th align='left' bgcolor='#eeeeec'>Location</th></tr>
<tr><td bgcolor='#eeeeec' align='center'>1</td><td bgcolor='#eeeeec' align='center'>0.0000</td><td bgcolor='#eeeeec' align='right'>404760</td><td bgcolor='#eeeeec'>{main}(  )</td><td title='C:\wamp64\www\tgaz\api\tgaz.php' bgcolor='#eeeeec'>...\tgaz.php<b>:</b>0</td></tr>
<tr><td bgcolor='#eeeeec' align='center'>2</td><td bgcolor='#eeeeec' align='center'>0.0009</td><td bgcolor='#eeeeec' align='right'>454344</td><td bgcolor='#eeeeec'>get_placename(  )</td><td title='C:\wamp64\www\tgaz\api\tgaz.php' bgcolor='#eeeeec'>...\tgaz.php<b>:</b>72</td></tr>
<tr><td bgcolor='#eeeeec' align='center'>3</td><td bgcolor='#eeeeec' align='center'>0.0041</td><td bgcolor='#eeeeec' align='right'>494872</td><td bgcolor='#eeeeec'>to_xml(  )</td><td title='C:\wamp64\www\tgaz\api\placename.php' bgcolor='#eeeeec'>...\placename.php<b>:</b>136</td></tr>
</table></font>
        <transcribed-name></transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>    </subordinate-units>  </historical-context>  <data-source>CHGIS</data-source>  <source-note>    <![CDATA[      <html><body>长沙郡（前48年-前47年）治所和界线<br><br>西汉初元元年（前48年），炀王旦薨，无子，长沙国除，⑴改置长沙郡。初元三年（前46年），复立刘旦弟刘宗为长沙国孝王。⑵<br><br>按：安平侯国在今江西安福县东南，阳山侯国当即此后的阴山县，在今攸县西。因此，东界、南界有所变化。<br><br>东界：<br>长沙郡与豫章郡之间界线，基本与今省界相同，只有安成县一带与今不同。<br><br>南界：<br>西段即零陵郡北界。零陵郡北部有夫夷、泉陵等县，因此即这些县的北界。夫夷县治所见前，泉陵县治所即今永州市驻地。因此，界线当在这些市县的北侧。因流经夫夷县治的资水，其在这一段的支流，多呈西北-东南向；且在夫夷县北有昭陵县治，治所即今邵阳市城区。由此，西端界线当从雪峰山起，西南向经过夫夷县治、昭陵县治之间。转东北向，钟武县治所在今湖南衡阳县驻地西北，界线当经今衡阳市境。复向南，经今常宁县境，接东段。<br>东段因阴山县划属桂阳郡，界线北移。阴山县治所在今攸县西，因此界线当经今耒阳县北，东北向，折南经今攸县西。向东经今嘉禾、桂阳以北，经今永兴、郴州之间，又东北向经郴县北，复折东至今湖南酃县南界止。<br><br>西界：<br>因夫夷侯国、都梁侯国改属零陵郡，参照地形、水系走向，当南起今溆浦县东南，向北沿雪峰山为界。再北，即武陵郡东界，当在资水流域与沅水流域之间。东北向，因武陵郡有临沅县，长沙国有益阳县，参考地形，界线当在今汉寿县驻地以南一带。因索、孱陵、临沅三县改属武陵郡，界线向东移。向东经索县（东汉改名汉寿县，三国改名吴寿县。治所在今湖南常德市鼎城区断港头乡城址村），复向北。最北有孱陵县，治所在今湖北公安县驻地西。因此，东界当经今公安县驻地西。<br><br>北界：<br>因华容、州陵两县已改属南郡，界线南移。西段当在今湖南华容县治北，东部当在今长沙一长，向东在今湖北通城县东一带。<br><br>⑴《汉书》卷14《诸侯王表第二》：“黄龙元年，炀王旦嗣，二年薨，亡后。”（北京，中华书局，第2册，第413页）<br>又：卷53《长沙定王传》：“子炀王旦嗣，二年薨。无子，绝岁余。元帝初元三年复立旦北宗，是为孝王，五年薨。”（北京，中华书局，第8册，第2427页）<br>周振鹤：《西汉政区地理》第10章《长沙国沿革》：“元帝初元元年间，长沙炀王旦薨，无后，长沙国绝岁余。”（北京，人民出版社，第127页）<br>⑵《汉书》卷53《长沙定王传》：“元帝初元三年复立旦弟宗，是为孝王，五年薨。子鲁人嗣，王莽时绝。”（北京，中华书局，第8册，第2427页）<br>一作初元四年（前45年）。《汉书》卷14《诸侯王表第二》：“初元四年，孝王宗以剌王子绍封，三年薨。”（北京，中华书局，第2册，第413页）</body></html>    ]]>  </source-note>  <source-uri>      </source-uri></placename>